A good idea that doesn't work: the Parent Baby Interaction Programme.

Duration of ductal shunting in healthy preterm infants: an echocardiographic color flow Doppler study. Early echocardiographic prediction of symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants undergoing mechanical ventilation. Re-evaluation of the left atrial to aortic root ratio as a marker of patent ductus arteriosus. Selective head cooling with mild systemic hypothermia after neonatal encephalopathy: multicentre randomised trial. Patent ductus arteriosus, indomethacin and necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants: a population-based study. Changing trends in the epidemiology and pathogenesis of neonatal chronic lung disease. Inhaled nitric oxide in premature neonates with severe hypoxaemic respiratory failure: a randomised controlled trial. A randomized, controlled trial of very early prophylactic ligation of the ductus arteriosus in babies who weighed 1000 g or less at birth. Closure of the ductus arteriosus with indomethacin in ventilated neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Effects of pulmonary compliance and ventilation. Pulmonary effects of closure of patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants with severe respiratory distress syndrome. Effects of patent ductus arteriosus on left ventricular output and organ blood flows in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome treated with surfactant. Early PDA ligation is associated with increased risk of postoperative cardiorespiratory instability. impairment after surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in extremely low birth weight infants: results from the Trial of Indomethacin Prophylaxis in Preterms. Perspective on the paper by Glazebrook et al (see page 438) I t is impossible to work with parents and children for any length of time without coming across situations where mothers, fathers, or both seem to need help with parenting. It has long been known that there are associations between the quality of parenting and children's outcomes. Additional difficulties with establishing appropriate parenting styles are imposed on families as a result of their baby needing intensive care. It is therefore important to find out which interventions, provided in the setting of a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), might ''improve'' parenting; and whether this in turn could mediate better outcomes for babies, and their parents, in families to which such interventions are given. Over the past 20 years a great deal of work has evaluated interventions to improve parenting, and it is fortunate that many of the published studies have been randomised controlled trials. This in turn has allowed for two related Cochrane reviews, one in 2003 1 on child outcomes, and one in 2004 2 for maternal outcomes. For children, such programmes …